Return type | Name and parameters |
---|---|
void
|
addShutdownHook(Closure closure)
Allows the usage of addShutdownHook without getting the runtime first. |
boolean
|
any(Closure closure)
Iterates over the contents of an object or collection, and checks whether a predicate is valid for at least one element. |
boolean
|
any()
Iterates over the elements of a collection, and checks whether at least one element is true according to the Groovy Truth. |
boolean
|
asBoolean()
Coerce an object instance to a boolean value. |
Object
|
asType(Class type)
Converts a given object to a type. |
List
|
collect(Closure transform)
Iterates through this aggregate Object transforming each item into a new value using the transform closure, returning a list of transformed values.
|
Collection
|
collect()
Iterates through this aggregate Object transforming each item into a new value using Closure.IDENTITY as a transformer, basically returning a list of items copied from the original object. |
Collection
|
collect(Collection collector, Closure transform)
Iterates through this aggregate Object transforming each item into a new value using the transform closure
and adding it to the supplied collector .
|
String
|
dump()
Generates a detailed dump string of an object showing its class, hashCode and fields. |
Object
|
each(Closure closure)
Iterates through an aggregate type or data structure, passing each item to the given closure. |
Object
|
eachWithIndex(Closure closure)
Iterates through an aggregate type or data structure, passing each item and the item's index (a counter starting at zero) to the given closure. |
boolean
|
every(Closure closure)
Used to determine if the given predicate closure is valid (i.e. |
boolean
|
every()
Iterates over every element of a collection, and checks whether all elements are true according to the Groovy Truth.
|
Object
|
find(Closure closure)
Finds the first value matching the closure condition |
Object
|
find()
Finds the first item matching the IDENTITY Closure (i.e. matching Groovy truth). |
Collection
|
findAll(Closure closure)
Finds all items matching the closure condition. |
Collection
|
findAll()
Finds all items matching the IDENTITY Closure (i.e. matching Groovy truth). |
int
|
findIndexOf(Closure closure)
Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items and returns the index of the first item that matches the condition specified in the closure. |
int
|
findIndexOf(int startIndex, Closure closure)
Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items, starting from a specified startIndex, and returns the index of the first item that matches the condition specified in the closure. |
List
|
findIndexValues(Closure closure)
Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items and returns the index values of the items that match the condition specified in the closure. |
List
|
findIndexValues(Number startIndex, Closure closure)
Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items, starting from a specified startIndex, and returns the index values of the items that match the condition specified in the closure. |
int
|
findLastIndexOf(Closure closure)
Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items and returns the index of the last item that matches the condition specified in the closure. |
int
|
findLastIndexOf(int startIndex, Closure closure)
Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items, starting from a specified startIndex, and returns the index of the last item that matches the condition specified in the closure. |
Object
|
findResult(Object defaultResult, Closure closure)
Treats the object as iterable, iterating through the values it represents and returns the first non-null result obtained from calling the closure, otherwise returns the defaultResult. |
Object
|
findResult(Closure closure)
Treats the object as iterable, iterating through the values it represents and returns the first non-null result obtained from calling the closure, otherwise returns null. |
Object
|
getAt(String property)
Allows the subscript operator to be used to lookup dynamic property values. |
MetaClass
|
getMetaClass()
Obtains a MetaClass for an object either from the registry or in the case of a GroovyObject from the object itself. |
List
|
getMetaPropertyValues()
Retrieves the list of MetaProperty objects for 'self' and wraps it in a list of PropertyValue objects that additionally provide the value for each property of 'self'. |
Map
|
getProperties()
Convenience method that calls Object#getMetaPropertyValues(self) and provides the data in form of simple key/value pairs, i.e. |
Collection
|
grep(Object filter)
Iterates over the collection of items which this Object represents and returns each item that matches the given filter - calling the Object#isCase
method used by switch statements.
|
Collection
|
grep()
Iterates over the collection of items which this Object represents and returns each item that matches using the IDENTITY Closure as a filter - effectively returning all elements which satisfy Groovy truth. |
MetaProperty
|
hasProperty(String name)
Returns true of the implementing MetaClass has a property of the given name Note that this method will only return true for realised properties and does not take into account implementation of getProperty or propertyMissing |
Object
|
identity(Closure closure)
Allows the closure to be called for the object reference self. |
Object
|
inject(Closure closure)
Iterates through the given Object, passing in the first value to the closure along with the first item. |
Object
|
inject(Object initialValue, Closure closure)
Iterates through the given Object, passing in the initial value to the closure along with the first item. |
String
|
inspect()
Inspects returns the String that matches what would be typed into a terminal to create this object. |
Object
|
invokeMethod(String method, Object arguments)
Provide a dynamic method invocation method which can be overloaded in classes to implement dynamic proxies easily. |
boolean
|
is(Object other)
Identity check. |
boolean
|
isCase(Object switchValue)
Method for overloading the behavior of the 'case' method in switch statements. |
Iterator
|
iterator()
Attempts to create an Iterator for the given object by first converting it to a Collection. |
MetaClass
|
metaClass(Closure closure)
Sets/updates the metaclass for a given object to a closure. |
void
|
print(Object value)
Print a value formatted Groovy style to self if it is a Writer, otherwise to the standard output stream. |
void
|
print(PrintWriter out)
Print to a console in interactive format. |
void
|
printf(String format, Object[] values)
Printf to a console (Only works with JDK1.5 or later). |
void
|
printf(String format, Object arg)
Prints a formatted string using the specified format string and arguments. |
void
|
println()
Print a linebreak to the standard output stream. |
void
|
println(Object value)
Print a value formatted Groovy style (followed by a newline) to self if it is a Writer, otherwise to the standard output stream. |
void
|
println(PrintWriter out)
Print to a console in interactive format. |
void
|
putAt(String property, Object newValue)
Allows the subscript operator to be used to set dynamically named property values. |
List
|
respondsTo(String name, Object[] argTypes)
Returns an object satisfying Groovy truth if the implementing MetaClass responds to a method with the given name and arguments types. |
List
|
respondsTo(String name)
Returns an object satisfying Groovy truth if the implementing MetaClass responds to a method with the given name regardless of the arguments. |
void
|
setMetaClass(MetaClass metaClass)
Set the metaclass for an object. |
static void
|
sleep(long milliseconds)
Sleep for so many milliseconds, even if interrupted. |
static void
|
sleep(long milliseconds, Closure onInterrupt)
Sleep for so many milliseconds, using a given closure for interrupt processing. |
Collection
|
split(Closure closure)
Splits all items into two lists based on the closure condition. |
String
|
sprintf(String format, Object[] values)
Sprintf to a string (Only works with JDK1.5 or later). |
String
|
sprintf(String format, Object arg)
Returns a formatted string using the specified format string and arguments. |
String
|
toString()
Create a String representation of this object. |
Object
|
use(Class categoryClass, Closure closure)
Scoped use method |
Object
|
use(List categoryClassList, Closure closure)
Scoped use method with list of categories. |
Object
|
use(Object[] array)
Allows you to use a list of categories, specifying the list as varargs. |
Object
|
with(Closure closure)
Allows the closure to be called for the object reference self. |
Object
|
withTraits(Class traits)
Dynamically wraps an instance into something which implements the supplied trait classes. |
Allows the usage of addShutdownHook without getting the runtime first.
closure
- the shutdown hook action.Iterates over the contents of an object or collection, and checks whether a predicate is valid for at least one element.
closure
- the closure predicate used for matching.Iterates over the elements of a collection, and checks whether at least one element is true according to the Groovy Truth. Equivalent to self.any({element -> element})
Coerce an object instance to a boolean value. An object is coerced to true if it's not null, to false if it is null.
Converts a given object to a type. This method is used through the "as" operator and is overloadable as any other operator.
type
- the goal type.Iterates through this aggregate Object transforming each item into a new value using the
transform
closure, returning a list of transformed values.
Example:
def list = [1, 'a', 1.23, true ] def types = list.collect { it.class } assert types == [Integer, String, BigDecimal, Boolean]
transform
- the closure used to transform each item of the aggregate object.Iterates through this aggregate Object transforming each item into a new value using Closure.IDENTITY as a transformer, basically returning a list of items copied from the original object.
assert [1,2,3] == [1,2,3].iterator().collect()
Iterates through this aggregate Object transforming each item into a new value using the transform
closure
and adding it to the supplied collector
.
collector
- the Collection to which the transformed values are added.transform
- the closure used to transform each item of the aggregate object.Generates a detailed dump string of an object showing its class, hashCode and fields.
Iterates through an aggregate type or data structure, passing each item to the given closure. Custom types may utilize this method by simply providing an "iterator()" method. The items returned from the resulting iterator will be passed to the closure.
closure
- the closure applied on each element found.Iterates through an aggregate type or data structure, passing each item and the item's index (a counter starting at zero) to the given closure.
closure
- a Closure to operate on each item.Used to determine if the given predicate closure is valid (i.e.&nsbp;returns
true
for all items in this data structure).
A simple example for a list:
def list = [3,4,5] def greaterThanTwo = list.every { it > 2 }
closure
- the closure predicate used for matching.Iterates over every element of a collection, and checks whether all
elements are true
according to the Groovy Truth.
Equivalent to self.every({element -> element})
Finds the first value matching the closure condition
closure
- a closure condition.Finds the first item matching the IDENTITY Closure (i.e. matching Groovy truth).
Example:
def items = [null, 0, 0.0, false, '', [], 42, 43] assert items.find() == 42
Finds all items matching the closure condition.
closure
- a closure condition.Finds all items matching the IDENTITY Closure (i.e. matching Groovy truth).
Example:
def items = [1, 2, 0, false, true, '', 'foo', [], [4, 5], null] assert items.findAll() == [1, 2, true, 'foo', [4, 5]]
Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items and returns the index of the first item that matches the condition specified in the closure.
closure
- the filter to perform a match on the collection.Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items, starting from a specified startIndex, and returns the index of the first item that matches the condition specified in the closure.
startIndex
- start matching from this index.closure
- the filter to perform a match on the collection.Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items and returns the index values of the items that match the condition specified in the closure.
closure
- the filter to perform a match on the collection.Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items, starting from a specified startIndex, and returns the index values of the items that match the condition specified in the closure.
startIndex
- start matching from this index.closure
- the filter to perform a match on the collection.Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items and returns the index of the last item that matches the condition specified in the closure.
closure
- the filter to perform a match on the collection.Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items, starting from a specified startIndex, and returns the index of the last item that matches the condition specified in the closure.
startIndex
- start matching from this index.closure
- the filter to perform a match on the collection.Treats the object as iterable, iterating through the values it represents and returns the first non-null result obtained from calling the closure, otherwise returns the defaultResult.
defaultResult
- an Object that should be returned if all closure results are null.closure
- a closure that returns a non-null value when processing should stop.Treats the object as iterable, iterating through the values it represents and returns the first non-null result obtained from calling the closure, otherwise returns null.
closure
- a closure that returns a non-null value when processing should stop.Allows the subscript operator to be used to lookup dynamic property values.
bean[somePropertyNameExpression]
. The normal property notation
of groovy is neater and more concise but only works with compile-time known
property names.
property
- the property name of interest.Obtains a MetaClass for an object either from the registry or in the case of a GroovyObject from the object itself.
Retrieves the list of MetaProperty objects for 'self' and wraps it in a list of PropertyValue objects that additionally provide the value for each property of 'self'.
Convenience method that calls Object#getMetaPropertyValues(self) and provides the data in form of simple key/value pairs, i.e.&nsbp;without type() information.
Iterates over the collection of items which this Object represents and returns each item that matches
the given filter - calling the Object#isCase
method used by switch statements. This method can be used with different
kinds of filters like regular expressions, classes, ranges etc.
Example:
def list = ['a', 'b', 'aa', 'bc', 3, 4.5] assert list.grep( ~/a+/ ) == ['a', 'aa'] assert list.grep( ~/../ ) == ['aa', 'bc'] assert list.grep( Number ) == [ 3, 4.5 ] assert list.grep{ it.toString().size() == 1 } == [ 'a', 'b', 3 ]
filter
- the filter to perform on the object (using the Object#isCase method).Iterates over the collection of items which this Object represents and returns each item that matches using the IDENTITY Closure as a filter - effectively returning all elements which satisfy Groovy truth.
Example:
def items = [1, 2, 0, false, true, '', 'foo', [], [4, 5], null] assert items.grep() == [1, 2, true, 'foo', [4, 5]]
Returns true of the implementing MetaClass has a property of the given name
Note that this method will only return true for realised properties and does not take into account implementation of getProperty or propertyMissing
name
- The name of the property of interest.Allows the closure to be called for the object reference self. Synonym for 'with()'.
closure
- the closure to call on the object.Iterates through the given Object, passing in the first value to the closure along with the first item. The result is passed back (injected) into the closure along with the second item. The new result is injected back into the closure along with the third item and so on until further iteration of the object is not possible. Also known as foldLeft in functional parlance.
closure
- a closure.Iterates through the given Object, passing in the initial value to the closure along with the first item. The result is passed back (injected) into the closure along with the second item. The new result is injected back into the closure along with the third item and so on until further iteration of the object is not possible. Also known as foldLeft in functional parlance.
initialValue
- some initial value.closure
- a closure.Inspects returns the String that matches what would be typed into a terminal to create this object.
Provide a dynamic method invocation method which can be overloaded in classes to implement dynamic proxies easily.
method
- the name of the method to call.arguments
- the arguments to use.Identity check. Since == is overridden in Groovy with the meaning of equality
we need some fallback to check for object identity. Invoke using the
'is' method, like so: def same = this.is(that)
other
- an object to compare identity with.Method for overloading the behavior of the 'case' method in switch statements. The default implementation handles arrays types but otherwise simply delegates to Object#equals, but this may be overridden for other types. In this example:
switch( a ) { case b: //some code }"some code" is called when
b.isCase( a )
returns
true
.
switchValue
- the switch value.Attempts to create an Iterator for the given object by first converting it to a Collection.
Sets/updates the metaclass for a given object to a closure.
closure
- the closure representing the new metaclass.Print a value formatted Groovy style to self if it is a Writer, otherwise to the standard output stream.
value
- the value to print.Print to a console in interactive format.
out
- the PrintWriter used for printing.Printf to a console (Only works with JDK1.5 or later).
format
- a format string.values
- values referenced by the format specifiers in the format string..Prints a formatted string using the specified format string and arguments.
Examples:
printf ( "Hello, %s!\n" , [ "world" ] as String[] ) printf ( "Hello, %s!\n" , [ "Groovy" ]) printf ( "%d + %d = %d\n" , [ 1 , 2 , 1+2 ] as Integer[] ) printf ( "%d + %d = %d\n" , [ 3 , 3 , 3+3 ]) ( 1..5 ).each { printf ( "-- %d\n" , [ it ] as Integer[] ) } ( 1..5 ).each { printf ( "-- %d\n" , [ it ] as int[] ) } ( 0x41..0x45 ).each { printf ( "-- %c\n" , [ it ] as char[] ) } ( 07..011 ).each { printf ( "-- %d\n" , [ it ] as byte[] ) } ( 7..11 ).each { printf ( "-- %d\n" , [ it ] as short[] ) } ( 7..11 ).each { printf ( "-- %d\n" , [ it ] as long[] ) } ( 7..11 ).each { printf ( "-- %5.2f\n" , [ it ] as float[] ) } ( 7..11 ).each { printf ( "-- %5.2g\n" , [ it ] as double[] ) }
format
- A format string.arg
- Argument which is referenced by the format specifiers in the format
string. The type of arg
should be one of Object[], List,
int[], short[], byte[], char[], boolean[], long[], float[], or double[]..Print a linebreak to the standard output stream.
Print a value formatted Groovy style (followed by a newline) to self if it is a Writer, otherwise to the standard output stream.
value
- the value to print.Print to a console in interactive format.
out
- the PrintWriter used for printing.Allows the subscript operator to be used to set dynamically named property values.
bean[somePropertyNameExpression] = foo
. The normal property notation
of groovy is neater and more concise but only works with property names which
are known at compile time.
property
- the name of the property to set.newValue
- the value to set.Returns an object satisfying Groovy truth if the implementing MetaClass responds to a method with the given name and arguments types.
Note that this method's return value is based on realised methods and does not take into account objects or classes that implement invokeMethod or methodMissing
This method is "safe" in that it will always return a value and never throw an exception
name
- The name of the method of interest.argTypes
- The argument types to match against.Returns an object satisfying Groovy truth if the implementing MetaClass responds to a method with the given name regardless of the arguments.
Note that this method's return value is based on realised methods and does not take into account objects or classes that implement invokeMethod or methodMissing
This method is "safe" in that it will always return a value and never throw an exception
name
- The name of the method of interest.Set the metaclass for an object.
metaClass
- the new metaclass value.Sleep for so many milliseconds, even if interrupted.
milliseconds
- the number of milliseconds to sleep.Sleep for so many milliseconds, using a given closure for interrupt processing.
milliseconds
- the number of milliseconds to sleep.onInterrupt
- interrupt handler, InterruptedException is passed to the Closure
as long as it returns false, the sleep continues.Splits all items into two lists based on the closure condition. The first list contains all items matching the closure expression. The second list all those that don't.
closure
- a closure condition.Sprintf to a string (Only works with JDK1.5 or later).
format
- a format string.values
- values referenced by the format specifiers in the format string..Returns a formatted string using the specified format string and arguments.
format
- A format string.arg
- Argument which is referenced by the format specifiers in the format
string. The type of arg
should be one of Object[], List,
int[], short[], byte[], char[], boolean[], long[], float[], or double[]..Create a String representation of this object.
Scoped use method
categoryClass
- a category class to use.closure
- the closure to invoke with the category in place.Scoped use method with list of categories.
categoryClassList
- a list of category classes.closure
- the closure to invoke with the categories in place.Allows you to use a list of categories, specifying the list as varargs.
use(CategoryClass1, CategoryClass2) { ... }
This method saves having to wrap the the category
classes in a list.
array
- a list of category classes and a Closure.Allows the closure to be called for the object reference self.
Any method invoked inside the closure will first be invoked on the self reference. For instance, the following method calls to the append() method are invoked on the StringBuilder instance:
def b = new StringBuilder().with { append('foo') append('bar') return it } assert b.toString() == 'foobar'This is commonly used to simplify object creation, such as this example:
def p = new Person().with { firstName = 'John' lastName = 'Doe' return it }
closure
- the closure to call on the object.Dynamically wraps an instance into something which implements the supplied trait classes. It is guaranteed that the returned object will implement the trait interfaces, but the original type of the object is lost (replaced with a proxy).
traits
- a list of trait classes.